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SIZE:
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GENERIC NAME:
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MANUFACTURER:
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UNIT:
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ADMINISTRATION ROUTE:
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FDA PREGNANCY GROUP:
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C
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INDICATIONS:
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Asthma |
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Bronchitis, chronic |
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Emphysema |
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SIDE EFFECTS:
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abdominal pain |
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agitation |
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anorexia |
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anxiety |
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atrial fibrillation |
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atrial flutter |
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atrial tachycardia |
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cardiac arrest |
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diuresis |
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dizziness |
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headache |
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hematemesis |
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hypokalemia |
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hypotension |
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insomnia |
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metabolic acidosis |
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nausea/vomiting |
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palpitations |
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premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) |
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restlessness |
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seizures |
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sinus tachycardia |
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supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) |
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urticaria |
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ventricular tachycardia |
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ABSOLUTE
CONTRAINDICATIONS :
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RELATIVE
CONTRAINDICATIONS : |
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acidemia |
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breast-feeding |
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cardiac arrhythmias |
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cardiac disease |
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cholestasis |
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cor pulmonale |
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corn hypersensitivity |
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coronary artery disease |
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cystic fibrosis |
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elderly |
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fever |
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gastritis |
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gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) |
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heart failure |
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hepatic disease |
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hepatitis |
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hiatal hernia |
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hyperthyroidism |
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hypothyroidism |
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hypoxemia |
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infants |
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myocardial infarction |
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neonates |
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peptic ulcer disease |
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pregnancy |
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prostatic hypertrophy |
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pulmonary edema |
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respiratory infection |
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seizure disorder |
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sepsis |
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shock |
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ADULT DOSE:
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Bronchodilator-Loading dose- For patients not currently receiving theophylline preparations-Oral, the equivalent of 5 mg of anhydrous theophylline per kg of lean (ideal) body weight as a single dose to provide an average peak serum concentration of 10 mcg per mL (55 micromoles per L), range 5 to 15 mcg per mL (27.5 to 82.5 micromoles per L.
For patients currently receiving theophylline preparations-Obtaining a serum theophylline concentration prior to administering a partial loading dose is recommended. Once the theophylline concentration is known, the loading dose for theophylline is based on the principle that each 0.5 mg of theophylline per kg of lean (ideal) body weight will result in a 1 mcg per mL increase in serum theophylline concentration.
Maintenance- Oral, the equivalent of anhydrous theophylline, initially, 300 mg per day. After three days, the dosage may be increased, if tolerated, to 400 mg per day. After three more days, the dosage may be increased, if tolerated, to 600 mg per day without measurement of serum concentration.
The total daily adult dose is administered in three or four divided doses given about six to eight hours apart. Patients with risk factors for impaired theophylline clearance may require a dosing interval of every twelve hours. Young adult smokers and patients with more rapid metabolism may require a dosing interval of every six hours.
Note:
If the 600-mg-per-day dose is to be maintained or exceeded, monitoring of serum theophylline concentration and patient response is recommended to achieve the optimal therapeutic theophylline dosage and minimize the risk of toxicity. |
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MAXIMUM ADULT DOSE:
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PEDIATRIC DOSE:
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Bronchodilator-Loading dose- For patients not currently receiving theophylline preparations-Infants and children up to 16 years of age: Oral, the equivalent of 5 mg of anhydrous theophylline per kg of lean (ideal) body weight as a single dose to provide an average peak serum concentration of 10 mcg per mL (55 micromoles per L), range 5 to 15 mcg per mL (27.5 to 82.5 micromoles per L).
For patients currently receiving theophylline preparations-Obtaining a serum theophylline concentration prior to administering a partial loading dose is recommended. Once the theophylline concentration is known, the loading dose for theophylline is based on the principle that each 0.5 mg of theophylline per kg of lean (ideal) body weight will result in a 1 mcg per mL increase in serum theophylline concentration.
Maintenance- Children 1 year of age and older, weighing less than 45 kg-Oral, the equivalent of anhydrous theophylline, 12 to 14 mg per kg of body weight, up to a maximum of 300 mg, per day in divided doses. The dosage may be increased, if tolerated, after three days to 16 mg per kg of body weight, up to a maximum of 400 mg, per day. After three more days, if tolerated, the dosage may be increased to 20 mg per kg of body weight up to a maximum of 600 mg, per day. The total daily dose is administered in four to six divided doses given every four to six hours.
Children weighing more than 45 kg-See Usual adult dose .
Note:
If the 600-mg-per-day dose is to be maintained or exceeded, monitoring of serum theophylline concentration and patient response is recommended to achieve the optimal therapeutic theophylline dosage and minimize the risk of toxicity. |
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MAXIMUM PEDIATRIC
DOSE:
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ELDERLY DOSE:
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