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SIZE:
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GENERIC NAME:
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MANUFACTURER:
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MERCK SHARP & DOHME INTERNATIONAL
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UNIT:
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ADMINISTRATION ROUTE:
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FDA PREGNANCY GROUP:
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B
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INDICATIONS:
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Abscess, pulmonary |
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Abscess, intra- abdominal |
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Cellulitis, pelvic |
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Endometritis |
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Gonorrhea |
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Infection, bone |
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Infection, gynecologic |
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Infection, intra- abdominal |
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Infection, joint |
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Infection, lower respiratory tract |
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Infection, sexually transmitted |
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Infection, skin and skin structure |
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Infection, urinary tract |
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Pelvic inflammatory disease |
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Peritonitis |
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Pneumonia |
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Prophylaxis, surgical |
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Septicemia |
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SIDE EFFECTS:
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pruritus |
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pseudomembranous colitis |
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seizures |
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serum sickness |
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Stevens-Johnson syndrome |
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superinfection |
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thrombocytopenia |
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toxic epidermal necrolysis |
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urticaria |
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vaginitis |
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abdominal pain |
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agranulocytosis |
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anaphylactoid reactions |
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anemia |
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angioedema |
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aplastic anemia |
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azotemia |
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bleeding |
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candidiasis |
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cholestasis |
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colitis |
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diarrhea |
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dyspnea |
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elevated hepatic enzymes |
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eosinophilia |
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erythema multiforme |
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exfoliative dermatitis |
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fever |
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flushing |
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hemolytic anemia |
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hyperbilirubinemia |
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hypotension |
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injection site reaction |
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interstitial nephritis |
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jaundice |
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leukopenia |
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maculopapular rash |
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nausea/vomiting |
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neutropenia |
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pancytopenia |
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phlebitis |
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ABSOLUTE
CONTRAINDICATIONS :
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RELATIVE
CONTRAINDICATIONS : |
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breast-feeding |
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coagulopathy |
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colitis |
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GI disease |
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intramuscular injections |
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penicillin hypersensitivity |
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pregnancy |
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renal disease |
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ADULT DOSE:
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Mild or uncomplicated infections-Intravenous, 1 gram (base) every six to eight hours .
Moderately severe or severe infections -Intravenous, 1 gram (base) every four hours; or 2 grams every six to eight hours .
Life-threatening infections-Intravenous, 2 grams (base) every four hours; or 3 grams every six hours .
Perioperative prophylaxis-Cesarean section patients: Intravenous, 2 grams (base) as soon as the umbilical cord is clamped; or 2 grams as soon as the umbilical cord is clamped, and 2 grams four and eight hours after the first dose .
Other surgical patients: Intravenous, 2 grams (base) one-half to one hour prior to the start of surgery, and 2 grams every six hours after the first dose for up to twenty-four hours .
Note: After an initial loading dose of 1 to 2 grams (base), adults with impaired renal function may require a reduction in dose as follows :
Creatinine clearance (mL/min)/(mL/sec) Dose (base)
> 50/0.83 See
30-50/0.5-0.83 1-2 grams every 8-12 hours
10-29/0.17-0.48 1-2 grams every 12-24 hours
5-9/0.08-0.15 500 mg-1 gram every 12-24 hours
< 5/0.08 500 mg-1 gram every 24-48 hours |
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MAXIMUM ADULT DOSE:
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PEDIATRIC DOSE:
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Perioperative prophylaxis-Intravenous infusion, 30 to 40 mg (base) per kg of body weight one-half to one hour prior to the start of surgery; and 30 to 40 mg per kg of body weight every six hours after the first dose for up to twenty-four hours .
For all other infections-Infants and children 3 months of age and older: Intravenous infusion, 13.3 to 26.7 mg (base) per kg of body weight every four hours; or 20 to 40 mg per kg of body weight every six hours .
Infants 1 to 3 months of age: Intravenous infusion, 20 to 40 mg (base) per kg of body weight every six to eight hours .
Infants 1 to 4 weeks of age: Intravenous infusion, 20 to 40 mg (base) per kg of body weight every eight hours .
Premature infants weighing 1500 grams or over to neonates up to 1 week of age: Intravenous infusion, 20 to 40 mg (base) per kg of body weight every twelve hours .
Note: Pediatric patients with renal function impairment should receive a modified dose and a modified frequency of dosing consistent with the recommendations for adults .
See Usual adult and adolescent dose . |
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MAXIMUM PEDIATRIC
DOSE:
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12 grams (base) per day .
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ELDERLY DOSE:
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Mild or uncomplicated infections-Intravenous, 1 gram (base) every six to eight hours .
Moderately severe or severe infections -Intravenous, 1 gram (base) every four hours; or 2 grams every six to eight hours .
Life-threatening infections-Intravenous, 2 grams (base) every four hours; or 3 grams every six hours .
Perioperative prophylaxis-Cesarean section patients: Intravenous, 2 grams (base) as soon as the umbilical cord is clamped; or 2 grams as soon as the umbilical cord is clamped, and 2 grams four and eight hours after the first dose .
Other surgical patients: Intravenous, 2 grams (base) one-half to one hour prior to the start of surgery, and 2 grams every six hours after the first dose for up to twenty-four hours .
Note: After an initial loading dose of 1 to 2 grams (base), adults with impaired renal function may require a reduction in dose as follows :
Creatinine clearance (mL/min)/(mL/sec) Dose (base)
> 50/0.83 See
30-50/0.5-0.83 1-2 grams every 8-12 hours
10-29/0.17-0.48 1-2 grams every 12-24 hours
5-9/0.08-0.15 500 mg-1 gram every 12-24 hours
< 5/0.08 500 mg-1 gram every 24-48 hours |
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