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SIZE:
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GENERIC NAME:
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MANUFACTURER:
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UNIT:
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ADMINISTRATION ROUTE:
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FDA PREGNANCY GROUP:
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D
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INDICATIONS:
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Inflammation |
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Arthritis, rheumatoid |
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Pain, mild to moderate |
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SIDE EFFECTS:
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hemolytic anemia |
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hemorrhoids |
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hepatic necrosis |
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hepatitis |
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hyperbilirubinemia |
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hyperglycemia |
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hypernatremia |
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hyperuricemia |
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hyperventilation |
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hypoglycemia |
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hypokalemia |
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hypoprothrombinemia |
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interstitial nephritis |
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intracranial bleeding |
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jaundice |
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laryngeal edema |
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leukocytosis |
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leukopenia |
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maculopapular rash |
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melena |
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metabolic acidosis |
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nausea/vomiting |
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odynophagia |
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pancytopenia |
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peptic ulcer |
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platelet dysfunction |
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prolonged bleeding time |
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pulmonary edema |
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purpura |
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renal failure (unspecified) |
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renal papillary necrosis |
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renal tubular necrosis |
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respiratory depression |
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Reye's syndrome |
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rhinitis |
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seizures |
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Stevens-Johnson syndrome |
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thrombocytopenia |
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tinnitus |
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toxic epidermal necrolysis |
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urticaria |
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visual impairment |
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wheezing |
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abdominal pain |
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acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) |
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agranulocytosis |
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anaphylactoid reactions |
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angioedema |
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aplastic anemia |
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azotemia |
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bleeding |
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bronchospasm |
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confusion |
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constipation |
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dehydration |
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diaphoresis |
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diarrhea |
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disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) |
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dizziness |
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drowsiness |
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dyspepsia |
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dysphagia |
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elevated hepatic enzymes |
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encephalopathy |
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erythema nodosum |
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esophageal stricture |
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esophageal ulceration |
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esophagitis |
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fever |
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gastritis |
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GI bleeding |
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GI perforation |
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hallucinations |
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headache |
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hearing loss |
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ABSOLUTE
CONTRAINDICATIONS :
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RELATIVE
CONTRAINDICATIONS : |
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intramuscular injections |
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iron-deficiency anemia |
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labor |
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metabolic acidosis |
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metabolic alkalosis |
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neutropenia |
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NSAID hypersensitivity |
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peptic ulcer disease |
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pregnancy |
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renal disease |
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renal failure |
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renal impairment |
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respiratory acidosis |
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respiratory alkalosis |
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Reye's syndrome |
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surgery |
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systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) |
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thrombocytopenia |
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thrombolytic therapy |
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thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) |
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tobacco smoking |
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varicella |
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viral infection |
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abrupt discontinuation |
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acetaminophen hypersensitivity |
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acid/base imbalance |
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alcoholism |
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anemia |
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anticoagulant therapy |
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ascites |
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asthma |
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bleeding |
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bone marrow suppression |
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breast-feeding |
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coagulopathy |
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dehydration |
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elderly |
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esophagitis |
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G6PD deficiency |
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gastritis |
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GI bleeding |
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GI disease |
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gout |
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heart failure |
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hemophilia |
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hepatic disease |
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hypertension |
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hypoprothrombinemia |
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hypovolemia |
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immunosuppression |
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influenza |
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ADULT DOSE:
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Analgesic/antipyretic-
Oral, 325 to 500 mg every three hours, 325 to 650 mg every four hours, or 650 mg to 1000 mg every six hours as needed, while symptoms persist.
Note: For patient self-medication, it is recommended that the total daily dose not exceed 4 grams, and that a physician be consulted if pain is not relieved within ten days, fever within three days, or sore throat within two days.
Antirheumatic (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory)-
Oral, 3.6 to 5.4 grams a day in divided doses.
Note: In acute rheumatic fever, up to 7.8 grams a day in divided doses may be given.
Platelet aggregation inhibitor-
Oral, 80 to 325 mg a day, with the following exceptions
Ischemic attacks, transient, in males or
[Thromboembolism, cerebral, recurrence] -
Oral, 1 gram a day. Dosage may be reduced to 325 mg a day if the patient is unable to tolerate the higher dose.
[Ischemic attacks, transient, occurring in association with mitral valve prolapse] -
Oral, 325 mg to 1 gram a day.
[Prevention of thrombosis or occlusion of coronary bypass graft]-
Oral, 325 mg seven hours postoperatively (via a nasogastric tube), then 325 mg three times daily, concurrently with 75 mg of dipyridamole. Dipyridamole may be discontinued one week postoperatively, but aspirin should be continued indefinitely.
Platelet aggregation inhibitor therapy is most effective when it is initiated two days prior to scheduled surgery. However, preoperative administration of aspirin has been shown to increase perisurgical bleeding and is not recommended. Therapy is therefore initiated with dipyridamole (recommended dosage 100 mg four times a day for two days prior to surgery and 100 mg one hour postoperatively [via a nasogastric tube]). Dipyridamole therapy is continued postoperatively (recommended dosage 75 mg seven hours postoperatively, via a nasogastric tube, then 75 mg three times a day, concurrently with aspirin) for at least one week.
Note: Although the doses recommended above for use of aspirin as a platelet aggregation inhibitor have been found effective in clinical studies, optimum dosage has not been established. For indications other than prevention of transient ischemic attacks or recurrence of cerebral thromboembolism, lower doses are often used. A few studies have shown that 160 mg of aspirin every twenty-four hours, or 325 mg every forty-eight hours, may effectively inhibit platelet aggregation while minimizing the risk of aspirin-induced side effects. Other studies have shown that single doses of 40 to 80 mg also inhibit platelet aggregation. |
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MAXIMUM ADULT DOSE:
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PEDIATRIC DOSE:
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Analgesic/antipyretic-
Oral, 1.5 grams per square meter of body surface a day in four to six divided doses; or for
Children up to 2 years of age: Dosage must be individualized by physician.
Children 2 to 4 years of age: Oral, 160 mg every four hours as needed, while symptoms persist.
Children 4 to 6 years of age: Oral, 240 mg every four hours as needed, while symptoms persist.
Children 6 to 9 years of age: Oral, 320 to 325 mg every four hours as needed, while symptoms persist.
Children 9 to 11 years of age: Oral, 320 to 400 mg every four hours as needed, while symptoms persist.
Children 11 to 12 years of age: Oral, 320 to 480 mg every four hours as needed, while symptoms persist.
Note: It is recommended that children up to 12 years of age receive no more than five doses in each twenty-four-hour period, unless otherwise directed by a physician, and that a physician be consulted if pain is not relieved within five days, fever within three days, or sore throat within two days.
Antirheumatic (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory)-
Oral, 80 to 100 mg per kg of body weight a day in divided doses.
Note: If an adequate response is not achieved within one or two weeks, dosage adjustment should be based on measurement of plasma salicylate concentration. Up to 130 mg per kg of body weight per day may be required in some patients.
[Kawasaki disease] -
During the early febrile stage: Oral, 80 to 120 mg (average 100 mg) per kg of body weight a day in four divided doses for fourteen days or until inflammation has subsided. However, absorption may be impaired or erratic during this stage of the illness, and considerably higher doses may be required. It is recommended that dosage be adjusted to achieve and maintain a plasma salicylate concentration of 20 to 30 mg per 100 mL.
During the convalescent stage: Oral, 3 to 5 mg per kg of body weight a day as a single dose. If no coronary artery abnormalities occur, treatment is usually continued for a minimum of eight weeks. If coronary artery abnormalities occur, it is recommended that treatment be continued for at least one year, even if the abnormalities regress, and longer if abnormalities persist. |
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MAXIMUM PEDIATRIC
DOSE:
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ELDERLY DOSE:
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